Design Snakes and Ladders

Design the core engine for a Snakes and Ladders game. Players take turns rolling a single die; the first player to land exactly on `boardSize` wins. Rules - The board has positions `0..boardSize`. Every player starts at position `0` (off-board). - A roll of `r` (1..6) moves the current player from `pos` to `pos + r`. - If `pos + r > boardSize` the move would overshoot — the player stays at `pos`, and the turn still rotates to the next player. - After moving, apply at most one ladder (bottom → top) and one snake (head → tail) at the new position. Order: ladder first, then snake. (Real-world games typically have only one of the two on any given square; this rule is a deterministic tiebreaker.) - Reaching `boardSize` exactly ends the game; the moving player is the winner. No further turns are accepted. API contract ```java class SnakesAndLaddersGame { public SnakesAndLaddersGame(int boardSize, List<String> playerIds); // Throws IllegalArgumentException if boardSize < 2 or playerIds is empty. public void addLadder(int bottom, int top); // 0 < bottom < top < boardSize public void addSnake(int head, int tail); // 0 < tail < head < boardSize // Both throw IllegalArgumentException for invalid coordinates. /** The current player rolls. Returns the player's new position after applying overshoot, * ladders, and snakes. Throws IllegalArgumentException for diceRoll outside 1..6. Throws IllegalStateException if the game is already over. / public int rollAndMove(int diceRoll); public int getPosition(String playerId); public String getCurrentPlayer(); // whose turn it is, or null after the game ends public String getWinner(); // null while the game is in progress public boolean isGameOver(); } ``` The validator runs three checks: 1. basic_movement_and_turns — 2-player game on a 30-square board, no snakes or ladders. Player A rolls 5 → position 5; getCurrentPlayer is now B. B rolls 3 → position 3; getCurrentPlayer is now A. Turn order rotates correctly. 2. snakes_and_ladders_apply — adding a ladder 4→25 and a snake 28→10, a player rolling 4 from start lands at 25 (climbed the ladder). A player at 25 rolls 3 (→28) and snakes back to 10. 3. winning_and_overshoot — on a 30-square board, a player at 25 rolling 5 lands exactly on 30 and wins (`isGameOver` true, `getWinner` returns that player). A player at 28 rolling 5 would land on 33 — overshoot — and stays at 28; the turn still rotates. The stub class throws `UnsupportedOperationException` from every method, so it fails every check until you implement it. Starter code and validators are available in Java, Python, and C++.