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System Design Key Concepts

The vocabulary of system design interviews: caching, load balancing, sharding, consistent hashing, and the trade-offs behind each. Every concept page explains how it works, when to reach for it, and how to talk about it under interview pressure, with diagrams you can sketch along.

6 concepts
  1. 01Networking Essentials for System DesignThe networking that matters for system design interviews: OSI layers 4 and 7, TCP vs UDP, DNS resolution, HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/3, and WebSockets.Intermediate8 min#networking#tcp-udp
  2. 02CAP TheoremThe core distributed-systems trade-off: when a network partition hits, you pick consistency or availability. What CP and AP mean, with real examples.Intermediate11 min#cap-theorem#distributed-systems
  3. 03Consistent Hashing: The Scale-Out AlgorithmWhy modulo hashing breaks at scale, how the hash ring fixes it, and how virtual nodes and replication make it the backbone of distributed data stores.Advanced10 min#consistent-hashing#distributed-systems
  4. 04Caching: The System Design GuideWhere to cache (client, server, CDN, Redis), read and write strategies, eviction and invalidation, and failure modes like cache avalanche and hot keys.Intermediate11 min#caching#system-design
  5. 05Load Balancing: The System's Traffic CopA deep dive into load balancers: Layer 4 vs Layer 7, algorithms like round robin and least connections, sticky sessions, and health checks.Intermediate7 min#load-balancing#system-design
  6. 06Bloom Filters: The Probabilistic Data StructureHow Bloom Filters let Cassandra and Chrome test set membership with tiny memory: internals, false positives, sizing, deletion, and alternatives.Intermediate9 min#bloom-filter#probabilistic-data-structures
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